Contains aquatic plants, snails, shrimp, and water. The most famous example is the "Ecosphere" brand containing brine shrimp and algae.
A piece of fine plastic mesh, window screening, or even a layer of dried sphagnum moss separates the drainage rocks from the soil. This prevents dirt from washing down and clogging the pebble layer. 3. Substrate (Soil)
Small rocks, gravel, or leca (lightweight expanded clay aggregate) create a physical space where excess water can safely pool away from the soil. Bottle Biosphere Guide
Start with a drainage layer of pebbles or horticultural charcoal to prevent root rot. Top this with potting soil or a mix of coco dust and vermicompost.
Wash your glass container thoroughly with hot, soapy water. Rinse it completely to remove all soap residues, which can poison your plants. Let it air dry. Step 2: Build the Drainage Base (False Bottom) Contains aquatic plants, snails, shrimp, and water
Wash the inside of your glass bottle thoroughly with hot water. Avoid using harsh chemical soaps, as any residue can poison your plants once sealed. Step 2: Build the Foundation
Tiny white arthropods that eat mold and fungus. Highly recommended for plant-only biospheres. They are the cleanup crew. This prevents dirt from washing down and clogging
Wash the container thoroughly with hot water and a tiny drop of dish soap. Rinse completely (soap residue kills plants). For used containers, soak in a 10% bleach solution for 10 minutes, then rinse extremely well. Let air dry completely.
What kind of biosphere are you planning to build, terrestrial or aquatic? I can offer specific plant recommendations if you'd like! How to Build a Self-Sustaining Jar Ecosystem