A compiler operates as a multi-phase bridge that translates high-level source code into low-level machine code. Gate Smashers breaks this down into six distinct phases, categorizing them into the and the Synthesis phase (Back-end) . 1. Lexical Analysis (Scanner)
What is stored in the activation record for a recursive function? – Control link, access link, locals, temps.
: The first phase where the source program is read as a stream of characters and grouped into meaningful sequences called tokens (e.g., keywords, identifiers, operators). Tools like Lex are commonly used here to generate scanners. compiler design gate smashers
Compiler design for GATE is highly scoring if you master:
Counting the number of tokens in a given snippet of C/C++ code. 2. Syntax Analysis (Parser) A compiler operates as a multi-phase bridge that
"How many tokens in: int a = 10 + b;" 7 tokens ( int , a , = , 10 , + , b , ; ).
Loop unrolling, dead code elimination, and constant folding. 💻 Phase 6: Code Generation Input: Optimized intermediate code. Output: Target Assembly or Machine Language. Task: Register allocation and instruction scheduling. 3. Key Technical Concepts for GATE Lexical Analysis (Scanner) What is stored in the
Semantic analysis checks the parse tree for structural validity, such as type checking and scope resolution. This is implemented via Syntax-Directed Translation (SDT), which attaches semantic rules to grammar productions. Evaluating attributes during parsing.